Pubblicazione Scopus sui Microrganismi EM

Comprehensive analysis of Effective
Microorganisms: Impacts on soil, plants, and the
environment

Prisa, D., & Jamal, A. (2025). Comprehensive analysis of effective microorganisms: Impacts on soil, plants, and the environment. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 8(12), 2025318. https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2025318

Abstract
Microbial communities in soil are among the most diverse on earth. A healthy crop environment requires a strong link between plants and soil microorganisms, which is essential for optimal crop development. Bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa are abundant in soil. Soil bacteria are key regulators of the nutrient cycle. There would be no plants without bacteria that mineralize nutrients, fix nitrogen in legumes, and convert ammonia into plant-available nitrate. Effective microorganisms can enhance plant growth and increase crop production. These bacteria perform better when used in combination with organic amendments rather than alone. In addition, they contribute to soil health and provide many ecological services. Additionally, they contribute to soil health and provide numerous ecological services. Besides helping to clean the environment, they also play a role in developing and implementing sustainable closed-cycle organic waste treatment processes worldwide and in disinfecting landfills. Research on the application of EM (Effective Microorganism) technology in agriculture has been widely conducted, despite ongoing controversy over its scientific claims. Its other uses include food waste recycling, enhanced organic composting, improving soil structure, increasing soil health, and boosting soil productivity. Numerous studies on EM have yielded satisfactory results in areas such as animal production, environmental management, health, and preventive medicine, among others. While EM can be utilized in various ways, EM-Bokashi is the most commonly used form. It is evident that EM is a powerful tool capable of replacing chemicals in numerous applications; however, further research is needed to explore its full potential. This review concludes that the application or presence of effective microbes in soil not only enhances its nutritional capacity, fertility, and productivity of soils but also helps to remediate soil problems cost-effectively.

Keywords: EM biofertilizer microbial biostimulants photosynthetic bacteria sustainable agriculture lactobacilli